Kassinger, Ruth G. (6 February 2003). Dyes: From Sea Snails to Synthetics. 21st century. ISBN 0-7613-2112-8. Cossmann M (1903). Essais de paléoconchologie comparée (in French). Vol.5. Paris, France: (Self-published). pp.68–69. Porphyrogennetos". The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. 1991. p.1701. ISBN 0-195-04652-8.

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For chemistry of Tyrian purple, see 6,6′-Dibromoindigo. Fabrics dyed in the current era from different species of sea snail. The colors in this photograph may not represent them precisely. The Phoenicians also made a deep blue-colored dye, sometimes referred to as royal blue or hyacinth purple, which was made from a closely related species of marine snail. [19]a b c d St Clair K (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour. London: John Murray. pp.162–164. ISBN 9781473630819. OCLC 936144129. Biggam CP (March 2006). "Whelks and purple dye in Anglo-Saxon England" (PDF). The Archaeo+Malacology Group Newsletter. Glasgow, Scotland, UK: Department of English Language, University of Glasgow (9). a b Radwin, G. E.; D'Attilio, A. (1986). Murex shells of the world. An illustrated guide to the Muricidae. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. p.93. 284pp incl 192figs. & 32pls.

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True Tyrian purple, like most high- chroma pigments, cannot be accurately rendered on a standard RGB computer monitor. Ancient reports are also not entirely consistent, but these swatches give a rough indication of the likely range in which it appeared:Some [ who?] speculate that the dye extracted from the Bolinus brandaris is known as argaman ( ארגמן) in Biblical Hebrew. Another dye extracted from a related sea snail, Hexaplex trunculus, produced a blue colour after light exposure which could be the one known as tekhelet ( תְּכֵלֶת), used in garments worn for ritual purposes. [11] Production from sea snails [ edit ] Two shells of Bolinus brandaris, the spiny dye-murex, a source of the dye Ramig K, Lavinda O, Szalda DJ, Mironova I, Karimi S, Pozzi F, etal. (June 2015). "The nature of thermochromic effects in dyeings with indigo, 6-bromoindigo, and 6,6′-dibromoindigo, components of Tyrian purple". Dyes and Pigments. 117: 37–48. doi: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.01.025.

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Online Fabrics offer delivery to the whole United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, Republic or Ireland as well as a number of international destinations.Definition of the Tyrian purple". World History Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 24 July 2016. In 1909, Harvard anthropologist Zelia Nuttall compiled an intensive comparative study on the historical production of the purple dye produced from the carnivorous murex snail, source of the royal purple dye valued higher than gold in the ancient Near East and ancient Mexico. Not only did the people of ancient Mexico use the same methods of production as the Phoenicians, they also valued murex-dyed cloth above all others, as it appeared in codices as the attire of nobility. "Nuttall noted that the Mexican murex-dyed cloth bore a "disagreeable … strong fishy smell, which appears to be as lasting as the color itself." [31] Likewise, the ancient Egyptian Papyrus of Anastasi laments: "The hands of the dyer reek like rotting fish..." [32] So pervasive was this stench that the Talmud specifically granted women the right to divorce any husband who became a dyer after marriage. [33] Biological pigments were often difficult to acquire, and the details of their production were kept secret by the manufacturers. Tyrian purple is a pigment made from the mucus of several species of Murex snail. Production of Tyrian purple for use as a fabric dye began as early as 1200 BC by the Phoenicians, and was continued by the Greeks and Romans until 1453 AD, with the fall of Constantinople. In the same way as the modern-day Latin alphabet of Phoenician origin, Phoenician purple pigment was spread through the unique Phoenician trading empire. [1] The pigment was expensive and time-consuming to produce, and items colored with it became associated with power and wealth. This popular idea of purple being elite contributes to the modern day wide-spread belief that purple is a "royal color". The color of textiles from this period provides insight into socio-cultural relationships within ancient societies, in addition to providing insights on technological achievements, fashion, social stratification, agriculture and trade connections. [2] Despite their value to archaeological research, textiles are quite rare in the archaeological record. Like any perishable organic material, they are usually subject to rapid decomposition and their preservation over millennia requires exacting conditions to prevent destruction by microorganisms. [2]

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Cunliffe, Barry (2008). Europe between the Oceans: 9000BC – AD1000. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. p.241.

The lower one is the sRGB colour #990024, intended for viewing on an output device with a gamma of 2.2. It is a representation of RHS colour code 66A, [41] which has been equated to "Tyrian red", [42] a term which is often used as a synonym for Tyrian purple. Mathews GM, Iredale T (May 1912). " "Perry's Arcanda" – an overlooked work". The Victorian Naturalist. 29 (1): 7–16. ; see p. 11.